scientific+method+and+research+design


 * Hindsight bias- the tendency to believe that "you knew it all along" after you heard about the right answer
 * Critical thinking- consists of mental processes of, analysis and evaluation
 * Theory- ones idea about why something happens
 * Hypothesis- a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations
 * Operational definition- a demonstration of a process such as a variable,term, or object
 * Case study- careful study of some social unit
 * Survey- a detailed critical inspection
 * False consensus effect- the tendency to believe that alot of other people share your point of view
 * Population-the people who inhabit a territory or state
 * Random sample- a sample in which every element in the population has an equal chance of being selected
 * Naturalistic observation- a method of observation,commonly used by psychologists,behavioral scientists and social scientists
 * Correlation- a reciprocal relation between two or more things
 * Scatterplot- a type of display using cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data
 * Illusory correlation- the tendency to perceive a relationship between two variables where no relationship really exists
 * Why do psychologists use scientific method to study human behavior?they use it because they are constantly making new theories and improving old theories


 * 1) Explain the steps a researcher would go through when using scientific method? step 1 develop the theory step 2 create a hypothesis step 3 conduct research
 * 2) What is a case study? When would it be appropriate to use? What are the pros and cons? it is a study that involves a psychologist studying one person in great detail it would be appropriate to use when working with just one person the pros would be that you get alot of details and information the cons would be it is very specific and only about one person
 * 3) What is a survey? When would it be appropriate to use? What are the pros and cons? survey is a bunch of questions that you would ask a series of people. it would be appropriate to use when u want to ask a wide range of people questions. the pros are the cons are what people say are different then what they do
 * 4) What is naturalistic observation? When would it be appropriate to use? What are the pros and cons? naturalistic observation is watching and recording the behaviors of animals or people in their natural environment. it would be appropriate to use when you want to use interactions between people without your presence affecting their behavior. the pros would be that you will observe behavior without your presence influencing the subject. the con would be it could take a really long time to observe what you are looking for
 * 5) What is laboratory observation? When would it be appropriate to use? What are the pros and cons? they bring people into the lab to observe them. it would be appropriate to use when you are looking for a specific behavior. the pros would be you make the environment that way you can observe the behavior you are looking for. the cons would be that you might not be getting a natural true behavior response